DAM Piing Bareseh (Sumber Air)

The origin of the Kommi Simpang Community began with a person named Kek Riak Rantangk, who had six siblings, namely:

• 2. Kek Riak Rantangk
  4. Kek Pateh Bangi
  6. Kek Ria Niti
  8. Kek Tangara Mani
  10. Kek Riak Jurangk
  12. Pateh Inte Domong Guru
  14. Kek Ria Muncok

The seven siblings were famously known as “Desa Sembilan Demong Sepuluh”, who at that time lived in Sukadana (Kayong Utara). The seven siblings originated from mainland China. They departed from mainland China to Java and then went to Kalimantan in the Sukadana area and settled there. Then one of them, Kek Riak Rantangk, and his descendants, namely Kek Jua and his wife Nek Dumeh, his brother Kek Katotoh and Nek Soge, his wife, went to a place that later became known as Sarawak and settled there.

From Sarawak, they formed new communities called Kukot, Sapo, and Kommi. Then Kukot formed the Kasiau, Satutuh, and Pantang Communities. Sapo formed communities in Nyangangk and Legong, while Kommi formed communities in Paninjau and Sungi Marau. Sungi Marau formed a community in Muara kase. Then Paninjau formed new communities called Bakongk, Muntee, and Binankg. From the communities of Bakongk, Muntee, and Binankg, a community was formed that is now called Desa Kenanga, which was established in 2005. The people in Desa Kenanga are known as Dayak Kommi Simpang.

The Dayak Kommi Simpang Indigenous Community has a protected area, which is a water source. A water source is a location where groundwater flows or seeps out to reach the surface naturally. The water source in Desa Kenanga is locally referred to as DAM Piing Bareseh. This clean water source was discovered in 2009 through community initiatives supported by the village to find clean water sources. Several clean water sources have been found and utilized by the community, namely:

• 2. Majak River
  4. Sawah River
  6. Manyak River
  8. Tagarungt Pindang River.

This is based on the fact that the water sources had become dirty and polluted. The community utilizes it as a clean water source for consumption and sanitation.

All residents of Desa Kenanga have the right to access the water source. Management is organized by the village in a familial manner. There are no specific rules in the management of this water source; the most important thing is that the community must not pollute the water source area. If someone pollutes the spring and is caught, the community will take strict action or punish them with compensation or ask them to clean it up again. The management and utilization of the spring include activities of arrangement, management, protection, and planning within and around the village in an integrated manner and involving all stakeholders responsibly.

In addition to the village government, the management of the water source is also supervised by an indigenous institution called Lembaga Adat Pateh Boga. This indigenous institution consists of Pateh (the highest customary leader at the village level) and Temenggung (the customary head of the hamlet). The rules applicable in the management of the protected area are formed based on customary deliberation and village government. Then, if there is a violation or damage caused by the community to the protected area, the violator will be subjected to sanctions based on the rules/laws applicable in the community, and these sanctions are agreed upon through customary deliberation based on the articles outlined in customary law.

The Dayak Kommi Simpang Indigenous Community protects the water source area because they have felt threats to access clean water sources. If the community protects clean water sources, the benefit gained is that the community can access clean water sources for a long time. Water is one of the most important resources in human life. Therefore, the community wants to protect the clean water source so that it is not polluted and its quality is maintained.

The Dayak Kommi Simpang Indigenous Community has a legal basis in the Regional Regulation of Ketapang Regency No. 8 of 2020 concerning the Recognition and Protection of Indigenous Law Communities in Ketapang Regency. Then, the Decree of the Regent of Ketapang No. 589/DISPMPD-B/2021 concerning the Committee for Indigenous Law Communities. However, there are no specific regulations governing the recognition and protection of the rights/manage areas of the Dayak Kommi Simpang Indigenous Community. Nevertheless, the community has made efforts to create a written regulation (still in draft form), namely the Draft Regulation of Desa Kenanga Number of 2022 concerning the Protection and Management of the Indigenous Community Management Area Plan.