Kerenkang Siniran Pulau Sintuk

The origins of the Indigenous Community of Dusun Malang Leu Muara Pari Sungai Parau began with the arrival of Temenggung Sulur and his wife who built the Rumah Betang on the banks of the Lahei River. Specifically in the year 1810, in Teluk Sulur or Leok Siwo—which is now located upstream of the village of Rahaden, in that area fruit trees were planted. Temenggung Sulur's wife gave birth to five children: two boys and three girls, namely: NTAT, LINTAI, and KAAK (female) & NAFF and MARAHANANG (male). The five children of Temenggung Sulur worked together to clear land or farm in the area of Teluk Sulur/Teluk Siwo upstream of the Lahei River flowing into the Parau River, a tributary of the Lahei River. Subsequently, the descendants of Temenggung Sulur grew up and started families. Each of Temenggung Sulur's children farmed specifically in the area of the Parau River, starting from the mouth of the Parau River, the tributaries of the Parau River, both sides of the Parau River up to the upstream of the river. In 1935, the family of Temenggung Sulur lived in groups forming a small village which in the local dialect is called Tompong (Pedukuhan). (source: brwa.or.id).

The Indigenous Community of Temenggung Sulur Hungei Parau has a protected area that is managed specifically according to the applicable customary rules. This area has been protected since ancient times through generations. This area is important for the Indigenous Community of Temenggung Sulur Hungei Parau because it has a history and a close connection with their ancestors. This area is called Kerengkang Siniran Pulau Sintuk. Kerengkang Siniran Pulau Sintuk is a forest area believed to be a place like a 'spiritual realm' by the ancestors. This area is characterized by the presence of fairly large timber—commonly referred to as Lelutung wood. Generally, people do not dare to utilize the land there, unless they are descendants of the customary head/chief of tompong. This area is located in the Leso River region, specifically upstream of the Leso River. This area is also commonly referred to as Tumpung Gaib.

In addition, the Indigenous Community of Temenggung Sulur Hungei Parau has other divisions of customary space, namely: Kerengkang Puga (Virgin Forest); Kerengkang Sanagar Uneng Ume (Reserve Forest for Farming); Jeung Uro Pulau Karaba (Former fields that have been planted with rubber); Sipung Munan (Fruit gardens); Katuan Baling (Shrubland aged 30 years and above); Leu Muara Pari Hila (Settlements across the village).

Generally, people do not dare to utilize the land there, unless they are descendants of the customary head/chief of tompong. However, at this time, there are no specific regulations/patterns of utilization created to protect the three areas. The main rules that apply in these three areas are 1) no destruction is allowed; 2) opening new fields in any way is prohibited without permission from the chief of tompong/customary head. The Indigenous Community of Temenggung Sulur Hungei strictly adheres to the applicable rules—because they also believe in the ancestral curse if they violate them. Furthermore, the customary institution that regulates consists of the customary head/chief of tompong as the heir of Temenggung Sulur, the Head Bantai as the executor of the customary head's orders, Penyirak as the executor from the Head Bantai to disseminate information to the community, and Basir as the executor in customary ritual activities.

The Indigenous Community of Temenggung Sulur Hungei Parau has contributed to the preservation and biodiversity. They have made efforts to protect water sources and natural resources for future generations or their descendants. The Indigenous Community of Temenggung Sulur Hungei Parau contributes to the protection of flora and fauna. The following flora and fauna are found in the protected area: Tingang Bird, Moek Bird, Bimiliang Bird, Tiong Bird, Owl, Tinjau Bird, Doyo Bird, Apou Bird, Bumut Bird, Mintit Bird, Klawet, Keu/Orang Hutan, Porcupine/Tetung, Badok/Rhino, Bekok Daun, Okang, Kalawot Jomo, Lisio, Kuli/Macan Dahan, Biang/Bear, Buah/Crocodile, Blambayau/Karuang, Kororondeng, Biyayang Taun, Kaak/Crow, Banteng, Samalatuk Bird, Putang, Karewaw, Using. Additionally, there are also high-value woods including: Ulin/Tidien, pungi/Pusi, Isin, Jangaan Plawan, Plepek, Bulau watu, Gading, Matamias, Lelemu, Mahuy, Bmeng, Kranji, Mlalin, Manggambir, Mangaris, Kakuluk, Sakalet/Papaning.

Moreover, this management practice also contributes to the preservation of cultural and spiritual sites—the Indigenous Community of Temenggung Sulur Hungei Parau respects things they believe in even if they are not visible. The community can optimally utilize the results, water sources will remain preserved, and the area can serve as a medium for learning for both future generations and outsiders who wish to learn about the traditions and local wisdom of the Leu Karamuan Indigenous Community.

The Indigenous Community of Temenggung Sulur Hungei Parau does not yet have a legal basis regulating the recognition and protection of their rights. Until now, there is only a legal basis that contains the Formation of the Customary Law Community Committee in Barito Utara Regency.