Leuwi Tutupan

The Kasepuhan of Kampung Bongkok is a lineage that has been passed down from ancestors (ninik aki). The origins of this kasepuhan began with three generations (grandfather, child, and grandchild) where there have been six generations up to now. This kasepuhan has existed since before Indonesia's independence in 1890 and was led by Uyut Arsiti until 1945. Starting in 1945, it was passed down to his child named Uyut Sapudin until 1975. From 1975, it was passed down again to his child named Aki Suanta until 2005. From 2005, since there were no children old enough, it was entrusted to Aki Sape until 2017. Starting in 2017, it was finally held by Aki Jarhani because he had matured and was ready to become the elder of Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok until now.

In ancient times, there was someone who lived near Gunung Bongkok. That person then had descendants who gradually formed a village. To meet their daily food needs, the community in that village created a huma (field) which eventually turned into rice fields. Because of this, someone who understood the supernatural matters that affected the maintenance of the rice fields was needed, and that person was called pupuhu, kokolot, or customary leader.

Leuwi tutupan is an area that is protected/managed by the community for conservation; when its status is closed, it means the community is not allowed to catch fish in that area. There are times when this leuwi tutupan is opened, and the community can catch fish from this area, and the method of catching is only allowed by netting and fishing. This leuwi tutupan area is usually managed by the youth from several villages, and the proceeds from the opening of the leuwi are intended for social purposes, namely the mosque and mushola around Kampung Bongkok. Leuwi tutupan has been implemented since 2021 as an initiative from the local community to ensure that the river remains sustainable because the Cisimeut River is a source of livelihood for the Kampung Bongkok community.

Leuwi Tutupan is located in a river called the Cisimeut River. The Cisimeut River is a river that is guarded by the community because it is a source of life. This river has a "open-close" management system to ensure the sustainability of its ecosystem. There are several points in the river that are managed using the open-close system, namely;

• Leuwi Bungur
• Leuwi Pari,
• Leuwi Muhara,
• Leuwi Kopo,
• Leuwi Bengang,
• Leuwi Leungsir,
• Leuwi Kantenan,
• Leuwi Bantar.

These points are locations in the river where fish seeds are distributed by the youth of the community. After the seeds are distributed, the river is closed first, then at a certain time, the river is opened and the community is allowed to fish in that river. The community that fishes in that river is charged a fee of Rp. 20,000 - 25,000 per person, which is then used for customary and social purposes in the form of cash, usually for the needs of the local mushola.

The Kasepuhan of Kampung Bongkok still upholds the regulations established by the community collectively. There are several customary regulations that must be adhered to by the local community, both customary and civil. This is established because many incidents occur due to non-compliance with the rules. Some experiences of the community that catch fish in the river, but when they are about to sell, several things can happen, for example, the fish can be lost or a family member falls ill. The following are the applicable regulations;

• No littering in the river
• No catching fish using explosives
• No catching fish using poison
• No catching fish using electricity
• No activities are allowed during certain hours (from 4-5 AM and from 11 AM - 1 PM and during maghrib time)

Leuwi tutupan is a community initiative to preserve and maintain the fish found in the Cisimeut River. The fish in the Cisimeut River include Ikan beunteur, ikan manyeng, ikan mas, regis, leat, jeler, kehkel, sidat, sarompet, salusur, entep-entep, paray, udang, nila, lele, bogo, keuyeup (crab), and Ikan sisisamping. The plants found in Leuwi Tutupan include Lukut, putri malu, sulamjana, kaso, awis, kipalias, johar, kaliandra, kembang kuning, cecenet, pacar leuweung (pacar anying), boroco, bayam merah, and akis.

There are currently no specific regulations governing the recognition of the customary territory of Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok. However, the youth of Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok are working to ensure that Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok is registered in the Regional Regulation of Lebak Regency Number 5 of 2018.