Lubuk Larangan Ninik Mamak (Batu Sanggan)

The Kenegerian Batu Sanggan is derived from the word Sanggan which means a large pot. It is said that in the past, a pot was submerged by the community at the mouth of the river, hence this river was named the Sanggan River. At that time, the community lived around the mouth of the Batu Sanggan River.

Currently, the Kenegerian Batu Sanggan has moved across the river further downstream to seek a safer place to live. This relocation occurred because the community was afraid of the large fish that often frightened the residents while they were in the river. The Kenegerian Batu Sanggan has a distinctive management area, namely Lubuk Larangan.

Lubuk Larangan is one form of local wisdom of the indigenous people in Kampar Kiri in managing natural resources sustainably, particularly river management and biodiversity. The Lubuk Larangan was first established in 1979 after a major flood. This practice not only plays a role in fish conservation but also enhances the sense of family and strengthens community solidarity.

• Lubuk Larangan Area

• • Lubuk Larangan Ninik Mamak
  • Lubuk Larangan Pemuda

These two Lubuk Larangan serve the interests of the Kenegerian Batu Sanggan. The fish harvest is divided into three parts: for the ninik mamak fund, the youth fund, and the place of worship.

According to tradition, fish in the Lubuk Larangan cannot be taken by anyone. Violations will bring disaster, such as illness or death. The opening of the Lubuk Larangan is conducted through community deliberation to decide the harvest time. After an agreement is reached, an event implementation committee is formed.

Each harvest participant registers and pays a share, which is the cost of dividing the fish. On harvest day, the shaman or traditional healer unlocks the Lubuk Larangan. The youth prepare the event's needs, while women play traditional musical instruments such as gendang egong.

Fish are caught using nets, traps, or iron arrow guns, but dangerous tools such as poison or electricity are prohibited. The fish catch is auctioned and used for village development. Some types of fish in the Lubuk Larangan include: Barau, Tapah, Singarek, Tabangalan, Kulari, Slimang, and Pantau.

Customary Structure and Role of the Stakeholders

• Ninik Mamak: Traditional leaders of each clan, assisted by Hulubalang and Malin.
• Datuk Godang Kanegeri: The highest leader and policy maker in the kenegerian.
• Dubalang: Assistant to Ninik Mamak in carrying out customary duties.
• Tunganai: Responsible for marriage affairs and notifications between clans.

The practice of Lubuk Larangan maintains the river ecosystem from damage. The community patiently waits for the harvest time and adheres to customary rules. They do not dispose of waste into the river and use environmentally friendly fishing gear. Lubuk Larangan also serves as a symbol of identity and the success of indigenous people in managing their conservation areas.

The community of Kenegerian Batu Sanggan is recognized as an indigenous legal community based on several legal foundations, including:

• Regional Regulation of Kampar Regency Number 12 of 1999 concerning Customary Land Rights
• Decision of the Kampar Regent Number 660/DLH-IV.2/32 concerning the Establishment of the Registration Team for the Determination of Indigenous Legal Communities
• Decree of the Kampar Regent No. 664/DPMD/IX/2023 concerning the Establishment of the MHA Committee
• Decree of the Regent No. 660-490/X/2018 concerning Indigenous Legal Communities and Customary Land Rights of Kenegerian Batu Sanggan