Pandulu - Tuare

The village Tuare is the farthest village in the Bada region of Lore Barat District, Poso Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. The village Tuare was established at the initiative of the government during the Dutch colonial era in 1905 as an effort by the Dutch government to gather the indigenous population who were living scattered at that time. The residents of the village Tuare originated from the village Gintu, then moved downstream the Belanta (Lairyang) river to the west in search of a safe settlement, at a time when humans had not yet known religion. They then found a settlement in the northern part of the mountain peak which they named Padalolo. They lived there by opening fields/gardens for daily needs. Year after year, the population grew and their economy developed, so that it was remembered at that time they provided their livestock food with Dulang Emas.

Subsequently, with the growth of the population and the increasing presence of the economy, it became known to the residents from anywhere. Then, the turmoil of war incited by noble tribes came to disturb the residents in the Padalolo settlement. However, they fought back, pushing back the enemy under the leadership of the late Korompo Topola. In an unstable situation with frequent threats of war, they agreed to build fortifications (Tondo) in two places that were about 400 meters apart. Two groups of residents in Padalolo: Fort (Tondo 1) was inhabited by the elite group (Kabilaha) and Fort (Tondo 2) was inhabited by the lower group (Hawi). In this Fort/Tondo building, they lived peacefully without disturbance from anywhere, so their wealth increased and the population continued to grow.

Some time later, incitement from the Kulawi nobility came again to attack the residents of the Padalolo settlement. A war broke out among the residents of the Padalolo settlement. However, they held their ground and pushed back the enemy. With the unrest among the residents of the Padalolo settlement, they agreed again to leave the Padalolo settlement in search of a safe place. They then moved downstream the river to the south and found a new settlement that they considered safe, namely in Dondo (Rawah). They lived peacefully and opened shifting fields/gardens for daily needs. With a peaceful life and the safety of their place in Dondo, they were again disturbed by other rebels, so they built a fort/Tondo to be safe living there. By living in Dondo/Tondo, the population continued to grow and their settlement could no longer accommodate the population at that time. They agreed to leave Dondo, then moved downstream the river to the south and found a place on the banks of the Belanta (Lairiang) river, where they then opened a settlement. The settlement was in a jungle inhabited by Burung Maleo (Mamua) whose bird song sounded “Tuareeeeee….. Tuareeeee”. Since then, they named their settlement Tuare. The leadership at that time was under the customary chief the late Tahoga Pesoba. The settlement Tuare changed to the name of a village since the establishment of the New Order government, and was replaced with the term village name since 1975 (source: brwa.or.id).

The Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare also has areas that are protected by inheritance, one of which is Pandulu—as a secondary forest area—habitat for endemic animals such as Anoa and Babi Rusa. This area becomes a place to collect non-timber forest products such as medicines and rattan. In addition, there are also areas that are considered sacred. The Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare also has spatial divisions according to other customs, such as:

• Wumbu Wana, as the peak area of the mountain covered with small diameter trees and moss. This area is forbidden/sacred, also has a spring that is believed should not be touched by humans.
• Wana, as an area protected by customary law as a buffer zone.
• Pandulu, Bonde, as areas of community plantations that are managed sustainably.
• Pobondea, as an area of former community gardens that have been abandoned for 5-25 years and have returned to forest. This is done as a rotation of natural resource management for planting resin trees, cinnamon, coffee, and timber.
• Polida, as a rice field area used for planting rice.

The Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare has a land tenure system divided into two, namely: individual ownership and communal. Individual ownership means that the area/land is customary land inherited and/or given by ancestors to a specific person/family to be maintained and managed, such as: Bonde, Polida, and Pobondea. While communal ownership means ownership that is collectively held by the community and regulated in its use, supervision, and sharing of results managed together, such as: Wumbu Wana, Wana, and Pandulu. The main rules that apply in Pandulu are that it cannot be opened for gardens, cannot cut down trees, and cannot manage rattan. In managing communal areas, they have a customary institution called Tu’ana lwanua Tuare which consists of:

• Tu’ana Mahile Iwanue, as the customary leader.
• Tengkuona, as the representative.
• Topouki Sura, as the secretary.
• Topamboli, as the treasurer.
• Sulewata, as a member.

Pandulu is protected because the Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare has rules that have been passed down through generations to maintain and preserve the cultural heritage of their ancestors. Protection of Pandulu contributes to the preservation of ecosystems and biodiversity, such as high-value flora and fauna. The following are the flora and fauna found in the Wumbu Wana area: Flora (Damar, Gaharu) and Fauna (Burung Maleo, Anoa, Monkeys, and Burung Allo).

The Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare does not yet have regulations governing the recognition and protection of indigenous people's rights or the recognition of protected areas.