Panyugu Paburungan

The Indigenous People residing in Kampokng Agak are a sub-tribe of the Dayak Kanayatn—geographically located in Sebangki District, Landak Regency. In their daily life, the Kampokng Agak community uses the Ahe language. The name Kampokng Agak itself is derived from the name of the Pakis Agak plant. According to stories around the year 1916, Burung (Pak Lana) with the title TUHA—a respected figure—held a bahaupm/meeting with the elders/parents who at that time lived separately among Kampokng Limpe, Samaroa’, Batukng, Totokng, Paburungan, Kamawangan, Lasung, Soga, and Pana. This bahuamp was held in Kampokng Pana.

Burung, who at that time was the TUHA/leader, invited the elders/parents living separately to create Kampokng because their villages were considered to be in an unsafe condition, especially from disturbances by spirits/demons at night, so TUHA BURUNG invited the elders to create a new village and move to the new village. In this Bahaump, everyone agreed and consented to create Kampokng, and they together performed barudas/bahuma to clear the location that they would make into Kampokng. After finishing clearing, they burned it and cleaned the location. After 2 to 3 months, the Kampokng location was left as it was and no one built houses, so it was overgrown with grass and small tree saplings, the most dominant plant that grew was the Pakis Agak type—seeing this, Burung as Tuha/Leader named the new Kampokng Kampokng Agak, which is still called Agak today. The first location where the elders/parents held Barudas/Bahuma to create Kampokng Agak is now located exactly at the Tuah Jubata football field in Dusun Agak.

The origin of Kampokng Agak before occupying the current village comes from Limpe, Samaroa’, Batukng, Totokng, Paburungan, Kamawangan, Lasukng, Soga, and Pana. The first group came from Banyuke, they settled in Paburungan, their group was led by Pak Giobar. The second group came from Ambawang Pancaroba, when they first arrived they settled in Samaroa led by Pak Sana. Other groups that had settled in Batukng were led by Pak Jota, Totokng led by Pak Abas, Limpe led by Pak Mayu, Saudang led by Pak Lam, Lasukng led by Duli, Soga led by Pak Jimba, and Kamawangan led by Pak Ayang. Their migration was agreed upon based on the results of the bahaump. Then, because Kampong Agak is located close to Pana, the name Kampokng Agak at that time was called Kampokng Agak Pana which consisted of 8 houses. The mention of Kampokng Agak Pana was last referred to around the year 1980, after which it was only referred to as Kampokng Agak (source: brwa.or.id).

The Indigenous Dayak Kanayatn community of Kampokng Agak has an area that is managed and protected in a hereditary manner, consisting of Udas Nang Dinangahi (Forest), Kompokng (Fruit Garden), and Panyugu (Sacred Place). Udas Nang Dinangahi is a forest area that is still protected by the community with limited utilization. The ownership of udas is communal/collective under the management of the village and cannot be sold. In addition to the flora and fauna of the forest, Udas also contains caves (such as Ohakng), springs (Ulu sado, Apitan, and Ulu Saudakng), and ritual places (Tajur Tikus, Tajur Tuha).

Udas Nang Dinangahi is protected and utilized by the community in a limited manner. Udas Nang Dinangahi is owned and utilized by the community communally and is not for sale. The management and protection of Udas Nang Dinangahi are the responsibility of the customary leaders at the village level, namely the Ketimanggongan Binua Samih II Customary Institution, which consists of Anak Raga, Pasirah, and Timanggong. Raga and Pasirah have authority at the village level, while Timanggong has authority at the Binua level. The following are the duties and functions of the customary holders of Ketimanggongan Binua Samih II:

1. Anak Raga, plays a role in enforcing customary law applicable at the village level, deciding customary law, and preserving customs. Anak Raga is responsible for maintaining order, justice, and security of the Indigenous community in the village area.
2. Pasirah, plays a role in enforcing customary law applicable at the village level, deciding customary law, and preserving customs. Pasirah is responsible for maintaining order, justice, and security of the Indigenous community in the village area.
3. Timanggong, plays a role in resolving customary matters that are not settled at the village level. Timanggong is responsible for overseeing customary law and organizing matters related to customs, as well as maintaining security and justice in the customary area.

The management and protection of the Udas Nang Dinangahi area are regulated by customary law. There are rules and sanctions that must be adhered to by the community in managing Udas Nang Dinangahi, the rules and sanctions are as follows:

1. Pari Basa, meaning the community is not allowed to cut down trees except for village needs. If violated, the community will be subject to sanctions in the form of Sabuah siam (customary measure) in the form of pigs, chickens, and others according to the agreement made.
2. Pangalabur Kampokng, meaning the community is prohibited from damaging or stealing in the Udas Nang Dinangahi area. If violated, the community will be subject to sanctions in the form of three tahul sapuluh amas batanung jalu two real (2 real = 20 kg of pig, or adjusted to the price of pigs).
3. Animals and fruits are allowed to be taken in limited quantities.

Additionally, the Udas Nang Dinangahi area is also used as a ritual place, namely the Tajur Tikus Ritual which is carried out when there is an excessive pest attack. In this ritual, several rats are taken and ritualized (requested not to disturb the plants). After that, the rats are released at Tajur Tuha (a place with old and large wood).

The management and protection of Udas Nang Dinangahi or Protected Forest contribute to the preservation of forest ecosystems, the Ohakng cave ecosystem, and the biodiversity within it. Udas Nang Dinangahi has a protective function for biodiversity by prohibiting logging, prohibiting forest destruction, and safeguarding water sources. Furthermore, it also contributes to cultural and spiritual values by protecting sacred areas within it as there are areas used for rituals. Additionally, it maintains the sustainability of natural resources. The Kampokng Agak community also utilizes natural resources in a limited and non-exploitative manner by applying customary law to pay fines. Thus, flora and fauna such as various types of timber trees (Kalampe, Kayu Ara, Takam, Kaladan, Rattan: Palades, Uwi Saga, Uwi dahanan, etc.), Ulin, Pasak Bumi, Meranti Batu, Meranti Bunga, Tarap, Banong, Karowekng, Kayu Ubah, Kayu Malam, Pansi, Ampaning, Rangas; various types of fruit trees (Nangka, Kalampe, Pehengan, Palu’, Asam Kalimantant, Angkabang, Tepok Sinopo, Asam Coer, Sinto, Mintawa, and Rawikng) and various types of fauna (Monkeys, Long-tailed Monkeys, Porcupines, Short-tailed Monkeys, Deer, Mouse Deer, Angkis, Tangiling, Wild Chickens, Bansio). There are also various types of birds (Amporo, Keto, Biroco, Bura’, Kanakng, Tungkaris, Timagu, Uncit, Buria, Kutuk, Pangaek or Rangok Hitam, Dunutn, Sampukat).

The Indigenous Dayak Kanayatn community in the Kampokng Agak area does not yet have specific regulations governing the recognition and protection of rights or the protection of community-managed areas. However, there is a legal basis established regarding the recognition and protection of Indigenous Law Communities in Landak Regency, namely through Landak Regional Regulation Number 15 of 2017 on the Recognition and Protection of Indigenous Law Communities in Landak Regency and the Landak Regent's Decree Number 660.1/292/HK-2018 on the Establishment of the Verification and Validation Committee for the Recognition and Protection of Indigenous Law Communities in Landak Regency.