Sawah Gebrugan

The Kasepuhan of Kampung Bongkok is a lineage that has been passed down from ancestors (ninik aki). The origins of this kasepuhan began with three generations (grandfather, child, and grandchild) where there have been six generations up to now. This kasepuhan has existed since before Indonesia's independence in 1890 and was led by Uyut Arsiti until 1945. Starting in 1945, it was passed down to his son named Uyut Sapudin until 1975. From 1975, it was passed down again to his son named Aki Suanta until 2005. Since 2005, because there were no children old enough, it was entrusted to Aki Sape until 2017. Starting in 2017, it was finally held by Aki Jarhani because he was already an adult and ready to become the elder of Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok until now.

In ancient times, there was someone who lived near Gunung Bongkok. This person then had descendants who gradually formed a village. To meet daily food needs, the community in this village created a huma (field) which eventually transformed into rice fields. Because of this, someone who understood the supernatural matters that influenced the maintenance of the rice fields was needed, and this person was called pupuhu, kokolot, or adat leader.

The gebrugan rice fields are managed by the indigenous community of Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok. The produce from these fields is usually utilized for the needs of the indigenous community of Kasepuhan Bongkok, such as major events that occur in the kasepuhan (Seren Taun, Malam empat belas, mipit, and ngubaran pare (rice)).

This rice field is managed by the indigenous community of Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok. The produce from this field is usually utilized for the needs of the indigenous community of Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok, such as major events held in the kasepuhan (seren taun, malam empat belas, mipit, and ngubaran pare). The gebrugan rice fields are only planted with pare gede and are planted only once a year by the Indigenous Community of Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok. The gebrugan rice fields are managed collectively by the community from the planting stage to harvesting. The harvest is stored in leuit olot for the needs of the kasepuhan. The gebrugan rice fields have been in existence since 1975.

The pare gede planted by the community is 1. rice that is larger than ordinary rice, harvested by picking the top part. After harvesting, pare gede is first hung on bamboo and left for 15 days (during the dry season) or 20 days (during the rainy season) to dry. Pare gede can last for 10 years when stored in leuit. Here are some types of pare gede, including;

• Pare Rajawesi
• Pare Nete
• Pare Srikuning
• Pare Gantang
• Pare Jogja
• Pare Ketan Langasari
• Pare Ketan Gadog
• Pare Markoti
• Pare Apel

There are no specific regulations regarding when rice can be taken from the leuit. The leuit is likened to a savings account; if the community needs to take rice, they are allowed to take rice from the leuit owned by each individual. However, currently, the leuit is becoming less commonly used by the Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok community to store rice supplies, as the community prefers to store rice in sacks, which are kept inside the house. However, there are specific regulations for rice from the gebrugan rice fields, which can be taken when there is a need at imah gede, such as ngubaran pare, opatbelasna, etc.

The gebrugan rice fields also serve as a reference for other rice fields to conduct planting. This rice field still follows the rukun tani (farming stages) in Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok. The Rukun Tani of Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok includes;

• Asup Leuweung
• Asup leuweung is a ritual of prayer reading conducted by the adat leader (Pupuhu/Kokolot) at the traditional house (imah gede) before starting to farm. In the farming system of Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok, the gebrugan rice fields serve as a reference for other rice fields, meaning that if asup leuweung has not been performed for the gebrugan rice fields, then other fields are not allowed to start planting rice.
• Nibakeun
• Sowing rice seeds in the fields
• Ngubaran
• “Healing” rice plants by reading prayers at imah gede
• Mapag pare beukah
• A ritual or celebration at imah gede asking for the rice grains to be filled.
• Beberes mipit
• Reading prayers at imah gede before starting to harvest rice or picking rice grains. After performing beberes mipit, it is followed by the mipit stage, which is reading prayers in the fields before the rice is harvested (the rice is then dried and after it is dry, the rice is cleaned of its stalks and tied “dipocong” and taken to be stored in the rice barn).
• Nganyaran
• The harvested rice is then pounded first using a mortar (digedur). Once it becomes rice, it is cooked into rice. This rice is then prayed over first before being eaten together at imah gede.
• Seren taun
• A celebration or thanksgiving for the harvest.
• On the first day, a pilgrimage is held to the graves of ancestors in Kampung Bongkok.
• On the second night, religious studies are held.
• On the second day, dzikiran or istighotsah is held, and the history of Sheikh Abdul Qodir Jaelani is read.
• On the third night, entertainment such as dog dog lojor (angklung), and Sundanese cultural arts (jaipong kampung) is held.
• On the third day, there is a rice cleaning activity using traditional white clothing.

The gebrugan rice fields are located around the settlement and near the river. The flora or plants found around these rice fields include genjer, rice, ganggeng, kukucayan, jajaruman, kakanasan, and jajagoan. The fauna or animals present in the gebrugan rice fields include; crickets, grasshoppers, mice, slow lorises, planthoppers, frogs, crabs, dragonflies, and kingfishers.

There are currently no specific regulations governing the recognition of the customary territory of Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok. However, the youth of Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok are working to ensure that Kasepuhan Kampung Bongkok is registered in the Regional Regulation of Lebak Regency Number 5 of 2018.