Wana - Tuare

The village Tuare is the farthest village in the Bada region of Lore Barat District, Poso Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. The village Tuare was established at the initiative of the government during the Dutch colonial era in 1905 as an effort by the Dutch government to gather the indigenous population who were living scattered at that time. The residents of the village Tuare originated from the village Gintu, then traveled down the Belanta (Lairyang) river towards the west in search of a safe settlement, at a time when humans had not yet known religion. They then found a settlement in the northern part of the mountain peak which they named Padalolo. They lived there by clearing fields/gardens for their daily needs. Year after year, the population grew and their economy developed, so much so that they were remembered at that time for providing their livestock food with Dulang Emas.

Subsequently, with the growth of the population and the increasing presence of the economy, it became known to people from everywhere. Then, a wave of war incited by noble tribes came to disrupt the residents of the Padalolo settlement. However, they fought back and repelled the enemy under the leadership of the late Korompo Topola. In an unsettled situation with frequent threats of war, they agreed to build fortifications (Tondo) in two distant places about 400 meters apart. Two groups of residents of Padalolo: Fort (Tondo 1) was inhabited by the elite group (Kabilaha) and Fort (Tondo 2) was inhabited by the lower group (Hawi). In this Fort/Tondo building, they lived peacefully without disturbance from anywhere, so their wealth increased and the population continued to grow.

Some time later, incitement from the Kulawi nobles came again to attack the residents of the Padalolo settlement. A war broke out among the residents of the Padalolo settlement. However, they held their ground and repelled the enemy. With the unrest of the residents of the Padalolo settlement, they agreed again to leave the Padalolo settlement in search of a safe place. They then traveled down the river to the south and found a new settlement that they considered safe, namely in Dondo (Rawah). They lived peacefully and opened shifting fields/gardens for their daily needs. With a peaceful life and the safety of their place in Dondo, they were again disturbed by other rebels, so they built a fort/Tondo to be safe living there. By residing in Dondo/Tondo, the population continued to increase and their settlement could no longer accommodate the population at that time. They agreed to leave Dondo, then traveled down the river to the south and found a place on the banks of the Belanta (Lairiang) river, where they then opened a settlement. The settlement was in a jungle inhabited by Burung Maleo (Mamua) whose bird calls sounded “Tuareeeeee….. Tuareeeee”. Since then, they named their settlement Tuare. The leadership at that time was under the customary leader, the late Tahoga Pesoba. The settlement Tuare changed to the name of a village since the establishment of the New Order government, and was replaced with the term village name since 1975 (source: brwa.or.id).

The Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare also has areas that are protected by tradition, one of which is Wana—as an area protected by customary law as a buffer zone. In addition, they also have other customary divisions of space, such as:

• Wumbu Wana, as the peak area of the mountain covered with small diameter trees and moss. This area is forbidden/holy, also has a spring that is believed should not be touched by humans.
• Pandulu, as a secondary forest area—habitat for endemic animals such as Anoa and Babirusa. This area is a place to gather non-timber forest products such as medicines and rattan, and has an area that is considered sacred.
• Bonde, as the community's plantation area that is managed sustainably.
• Pobondea, as an area of former gardens that have been abandoned for 5-25 years and have returned to forest. This is done as a rotation in the management of natural resources for planting damar trees, cinnamon, coffee, and timber.
• Polida, as the rice field area used for planting rice.

The Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare has a land tenure system divided into two, namely: individual ownership and communal. Individual ownership means that the area/land is customary land inherited and/or given by ancestors to a specific person/family to be maintained and managed, such as: Bonde, Polida, and Pobondea. While communal ownership means ownership that is held collectively by the community and regulated in its use and supervision, as well as the sharing of results managed collectively, such as: Wumbu Wana, Wana, and Pandulu. The main rules that apply in Wana are that it must not be opened for gardens, no tree cutting is allowed, and rattan management is prohibited. In managing communal areas, they have a customary institution called Tu’ana lwanua Tuare which consists of:

• Tu’ana Mahile Iwanue, as the customary head.
• Tengkuona, as the representative.
• Topouki Sura, as the secretary.
• Topamboli, as the treasurer.
• Sulewata, as a member.

Wana is protected because the Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare has rules inherited through generations to maintain and preserve the cultural heritage of their ancestors. Protection of Wana contributes to the preservation of ecosystems and biodiversity, including high-value flora and fauna. Here are the flora and fauna found in the Wumbu Wana area: Flora (Damar, Gaharu) and Fauna (Burung Maleo, Anoa, Monkeys, and Burung Allo).

The Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare does not yet have regulations governing the recognition and protection of indigenous rights or the recognition of protected areas.