Wumbu Wana - Tuare

The village Tuare is the farthest village in the Bada area of Lore Barat District, Poso Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. The village Tuare was established at the initiative of the government during the Dutch colonial period in 1905 as an effort by the Dutch government to gather the indigenous population who were living scattered at that time. The residents of the village Tuare originated from the village Gintu, then moved downstream the Belanta (Lairiang) river towards the west in search of a safe settlement, at a time when humans had not yet known religion. They then settled in the northern part of the mountain peak which they named Padalolo. They lived there by clearing fields/gardens for daily needs. Year by year, the population grew and their economy developed, so that it was remembered at that time they provided their livestock food with Dulang Emas.

Subsequently, with the growth of the population and the increasing presence of their economy, it became known to people from everywhere. Then, a wave of war incited by noble tribes came to disrupt the residents of the Padalolo settlement at that time. However, they also fought back, pushing back the enemy under the leadership of the late Korompo Topola. With the unrest and the frequent threats of war, they agreed to build fortifications (Tondo) in two locations about 400 meters apart. Two groups of residents in Padalolo: Fort (Tondo 1) was inhabited by the upper class (Kabilaha) and Fort (Tondo 2) was inhabited by the lower class (Hawi). In these two parts of the Fort/Tondo building, they lived peacefully without disturbances from anywhere, so their wealth increased and the population continued to grow.

Some time later, another incitement from the Kulawi nobility came to attack the residents of the Padalolo settlement. A war broke out among the residents of the Padalolo settlement. However, they held their ground and pushed back the enemy. With the unrest of the residents of the Padalolo settlement, they agreed again to leave the Padalolo settlement in search of a safe place. They then moved downstream the river to the south and found a new settlement that they considered safe, namely in Dondo (Rawah). They lived peacefully and opened shifting fields/gardens for daily needs. With a peaceful life and the safety of their place in Dondo, they were again disrupted by other rebels, so they built a fort/Tondo to ensure their safety there. By living in Dondo/Tondo, the population continued to grow and their settlement could no longer accommodate the population at that time. They agreed again to leave Dondo, then moved downstream the river to the south and found a place on the banks of the Belanta (Lairiang) river, where they then opened a settlement. This settlement was in a jungle inhabited by Burung Maleo (Mamua) whose bird song sounded “Tuareeeeee….. Tuareeeee”. Since then, they named their settlement Tuare. The leadership at that time was under the customary leader the late Tahoga Pesoba. The settlement Tuare changed to the name of a village since the establishment of the New Order government and was replaced with the term village name since 1975. (source: brwa.or.id).

The Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare also has areas that are protected by tradition, one of which is Wumbu Wana—which is the area at the peak of the mountain covered with small diameter trees and moss. The area Wumbu Wana is a sacred/prohibited area. Wumbu Wana also has a spring and is believed to be untouched by humans. In addition, the Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare also has other customary divisions of space, such as:

• Wana, as an area protected by custom as a buffer zone.
• Pandulu, as a secondary forest area—habitat for endemic animals such as Anoa and Babirus. This area is a place for harvesting non-timber forest products such as medicines and rattan. In addition, there are also areas that are considered sacred within it.
• Bonde, as an area for community plantations that are managed sustainably.
• Pobondea, as an area of former community gardens that have been abandoned for 5-25 years and have returned to forest. This is done by the community as a rotation in managing natural resources and will be managed again for planting resin trees, cinnamon, coffee, and timber.
• Polida, as a rice paddy area used for planting rice.

The Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare has a land ownership system divided into two, namely: individual ownership and communal. Individual ownership means that the area/land is customary land inherited and/or given by ancestors to a specific person/family to be maintained and managed, such as: Bonde, Polida, and Pobondea. Meanwhile, communal ownership means ownership that is collectively held by the community and utilized and regulated in its use and supervision as well as the distribution of the results managed collectively, such as: Wumbu Wana, Wana, and Pandulu. The main rule that applies in Wumbu Wana is that it cannot be opened for gardens, trees cannot be cut down, and rattan cannot be managed. In managing communal areas, the Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare has a customary institution called Tu’ana lwanua Tuare which consists of:

• Tu’ana Mahile Iwanue, as the customary head.
• Tengkuona as the representative.
• Topouki Sura as the secretary.
• Topamboli as the treasurer.
• Sulewata as a member.

Wumbu Wana is protected because the Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare has inherited rules passed down through generations to maintain and preserve the cultural heritage of their ancestors. In addition, Wumbu Wana is important to protect because it contains natural resources in the form of springs. Protection of Wumbu Wana contributes to the preservation of ecosystems and biodiversity, such as high-value flora and fauna. The following are the flora and fauna found in the area of Wumbu Wana: Flora (Resin, Agarwood) and Fauna (Burung Maleo, Anoa, Monkeys, and Burung Allo).

The Indigenous Community To Bada To Tuare does not yet have regulations governing the recognition and protection of indigenous peoples' rights or the recognition of protected areas.