Considering the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework to support rights-based conservation approaches and conservation practices by indigenous communities in Indonesia

The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KM-GBF) was agreed upon by 196 CBD member countries on December 19, 2022, during the 15th Conference of the Parties on the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP 15-CBD). The adoption of the new KM-GBF agreement can be a good opportunity for Indonesia to strengthen the conservation paradigm towards a more inclusive, effective, and fair approach, as well as being gender-responsive. This transformation is essential to ensure biodiversity and ecosystem conservation governance that can support sustainable development and achieve welfare for communities, especially those living in and around conservation areas and regions rich in biodiversity. 

The urgency of the biodiversity crisis, the interconnected climate change crisis, and the recent pandemic require decisive and transformative actions and a joint commitment by the government and all sectors of society to change the way we value and view biodiversity by identifying and preventing the root causes of environmental damage and ecosystem degradation. Can the new targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework drive the needed transformation? 

In line with this, at the national level, the discussion of the Draft Law on Conservation of Biological Natural Resources and Their Ecosystems (KSDAHE Bill) can be one of the gateways to incorporate KM-GBF substance, including how to ensure fair, inclusive, and sustainable conservation implementation by strengthening support and recognition for conservation practices by indigenous and local communities in Indonesia.